Varanasi, also known as Banaras or Kashi, is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world and a major cultural and spiritual hub in India. Located on the banks of the sacred Ganges River in Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi is renowned for its ghats, temples, and vibrant culture. It is a key pilgrimage site for Hindus and attracts visitors from all over the globe. Here are some of the best places to visit in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh:
Best Places to Visit
1. Kashi Vishwanath Temple
Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous Hindu temples in Varanasi and is dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is one of the twelve Jyotirlingas, which are considered the holiest Shiva temples. The temple is a significant pilgrimage site and attracts millions of devotees every year. The architecture of the temple is splendid, and the sanctum houses the revered Shiva Linga.
- Key Attractions: Jyotirlinga, temple architecture.
- Activities: Worship, attending rituals, exploring the temple complex.
- Location: Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh.
2. Dashashwamedh Ghat
Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most prominent and busiest ghats in Varanasi. It is famous for the Ganga Aarti, a mesmerizing ritual performed every evening to worship the Ganges River. The ghat is a hub of activity, with devotees taking holy dips, priests performing rituals, and tourists enjoying boat rides on the river. The vibrant atmosphere and spiritual energy make it a must-visit spot.
- Key Attractions: Ganga Aarti, vibrant atmosphere.
- Activities: Attending the Ganga Aarti, boat rides, photography.
- Location: Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh.
3. Sarnath
Sarnath is a significant Buddhist pilgrimage site located near Varanasi. It is the place where Lord Buddha delivered his first sermon after attaining enlightenment. The site features important Buddhist structures, including the Dhamek Stupa, Chaukhandi Stupa, and the Sarnath Archaeological Museum. Sarnath attracts pilgrims and tourists interested in Buddhism and ancient history.
- Key Attractions: Dhamek Stupa, Sarnath Archaeological Museum.
- Activities: Exploring Buddhist monuments, meditation, learning about Buddhist history.
- Location: Sarnath, near Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh.
4. Manikarnika Ghat
Manikarnika Ghat is one of the most famous ghats in Varanasi, known for being a major cremation ground. According to Hindu beliefs, cremation at this ghat leads to liberation from the cycle of life and death. The ghat has a profound spiritual significance and offers a unique insight into Hindu rituals and customs. It is a place of deep reverence and contemplation.
- Key Attractions: Cremation rituals, spiritual significance.
- Activities: Observing rituals, understanding local customs.
- Location: Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh.
5. Ramnagar Fort
Ramnagar Fort is a historical fortification located on the eastern bank of the Ganges River, opposite Varanasi. Built in the 18th century, the fort serves as the ancestral home of the Maharaja of Banaras. It features beautiful Mughal-style architecture and houses a museum displaying vintage cars, royal costumes, and weapons. The fort offers stunning views of the Ganges and the city.
- Key Attractions: Mughal-style architecture, museum.
- Activities: Exploring the fort, visiting the museum, enjoying the views.
- Location: Ramnagar, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh.
6. Assi Ghat
Assi Ghat is a popular ghat located at the confluence of the Ganges and Assi rivers. It is a significant place for Hindu rituals and is often less crowded than other ghats. The ghat is known for its vibrant atmosphere, morning yoga sessions, and cultural performances. It is a peaceful spot for meditation, taking a boat ride, or simply enjoying the river views.
- Key Attractions: Scenic views, peaceful environment.
- Activities: Yoga, meditation, boat rides.
- Location: Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh.
7. Banaras Hindu University (BHU)
Banaras Hindu University is one of the largest and most prestigious universities in India. The university campus is spread over 1,300 acres and is home to the Vishwanath Temple, a beautiful temple dedicated to Lord Shiva. The BHU campus also features the Bharat Kala Bhavan museum, which houses an extensive collection of Indian art, sculptures, and archaeological artifacts.
- Key Attractions: Vishwanath Temple, Bharat Kala Bhavan.
- Activities: Exploring the campus, visiting the museum, worship.
- Location: Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh.
8. Tulsi Manas Temple
Tulsi Manas Temple is a modern temple dedicated to Lord Rama. It is believed to be the place where the saint-poet Tulsidas composed the epic Ramcharitmanas, a Hindi version of the Ramayana. The temple walls are adorned with verses from the Ramcharitmanas, making it a place of literary and spiritual significance. The temple’s serene environment makes it a peaceful place for meditation.
- Key Attractions: Ramcharitmanas inscriptions, literary significance.
- Activities: Worship, reading the inscriptions, meditation.
- Location: Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh.
9. Bharat Mata Temple
Bharat Mata Temple is a unique temple in Varanasi dedicated to Mother India. Unlike traditional temples, it does not house idols but features a marble relief map of India. The temple was inaugurated by Mahatma Gandhi and represents the country’s cultural and geographical unity. It is a must-visit for those interested in India’s history and culture.
- Key Attractions: Marble relief map, national significance.
- Activities: Exploring the temple, understanding India’s geography and culture.
- Location: Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh.
Summary Table
| Place | Description | Key Attraction | Location |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Famous Shiva temple and one of the twelve Jyotirlingas | Jyotirlinga, temple architecture | Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh |
| Dashashwamedh Ghat | Prominent ghat known for Ganga Aarti | Ganga Aarti, vibrant atmosphere | Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh |
| Sarnath | Significant Buddhist pilgrimage site | Dhamek Stupa, Sarnath Archaeological Museum | Sarnath, near Varanasi |
| Manikarnika Ghat | Major cremation ground with spiritual significance | Cremation rituals, spiritual insight | Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh |
| Ramnagar Fort | Historical fort with Mughal-style architecture | Museum, stunning river views | Ramnagar, Varanasi |
| Assi Ghat | Popular ghat known for peaceful environment | Scenic views, yoga sessions | Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh |
| Banaras Hindu University (BHU) | Prestigious university with significant temple and museum | Vishwanath Temple, Bharat Kala Bhavan | Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh |
| Tulsi Manas Temple | Temple dedicated to Lord Rama | Ramcharitmanas inscriptions | Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh |
| Bharat Mata Temple | Unique temple dedicated to Mother India | Marble relief map of India | Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh |
How to Reach Varanasi
By Air
Varanasi is served by Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport, located about 26 km from the city center. The airport has regular flights connecting major Indian cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Hyderabad, as well as international destinations.
By Train
Varanasi Junction (Varanasi Cantt) is a major railway station well-connected to cities across India. Another important station is Mughalsarai Junction, located nearby, which also serves long-distance trains.
By Bus
Varanasi is well-connected by road, with regular state-run and private buses from cities like Lucknow, Kanpur, Allahabad, and Patna. The Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (UPSRTC) operates buses to and from Varanasi.
By Car
Varanasi is accessible via National Highway 19 (NH 19) and other major highways. The road network is well-maintained, making it convenient for travelers driving from nearby cities.
Best Time to Visit Varanasi
The best time to visit Varanasi is during the winter months (October to March), when the weather is pleasant and suitable for sightseeing. The summer months (April to June) can be hot, while the monsoon season (July to September) brings moderate to heavy rainfall.
Travel Tips
- Local Cuisine: Varanasi is famous for its street food, including chaat, kachori, lassi, and sweets like jalebi and malaiyyo. Don’t miss trying these local delicacies.
- Cultural Etiquette: Respect local customs and traditions, especially when visiting religious sites. Modest clothing is recommended, and it’s customary to remove shoes before entering temples.
- Language: Hindi is the primary language spoken in Varanasi, but English is widely understood in tourist areas. Bhojpuri is also commonly spoken.
- Currency: The currency used in India is the Indian Rupee (INR). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted, but carrying some cash is advisable for small transactions.
Itinerary Suggestions
One-Day Trip
- Morning: Start with a visit to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple, exploring its spiritual significance. Then, head to Sarnath to explore the Buddhist monuments and the Sarnath Archaeological Museum.
- Afternoon: Visit Manikarnika Ghat to understand its profound spiritual significance. Have lunch at a local restaurant and try traditional dishes.
- Evening: Conclude with a visit to Dashashwamedh Ghat to witness the Ganga Aarti. If time permits, take a boat ride on the Ganges River and enjoy the evening views.
Weekend Getaway
- Day 1: Begin with visits to Kashi Vishwanath Temple and Sarnath. In the afternoon, explore Ramnagar Fort and Assi Ghat. End the day with a visit to Tulsi Manas Temple and the Bharat Mata Temple.
- Day 2: Start with a morning visit to Banaras Hindu University, exploring the Vishwanath Temple and Bharat Kala Bhavan. In the afternoon, visit Moti Jheel and local markets for shopping and experiencing local culture. Spend the evening at Dashashwamedh Ghat, enjoying the Ganga Aarti.
Varanasi’s rich cultural heritage, historical significance, and spiritual atmosphere make it a unique destination in Uttar Pradesh. Whether you’re exploring ancient temples, witnessing vibrant rituals, or experiencing the local cuisine, Varanasi offers a diverse range of experiences for every traveler.
